Ny transportteknologi: Europakommisjonen legger fram strategi for C-ITS (cooperative intelligent transport systems)

Kommisjonen la frem strategien 30. november 2016. Den følger også opp EUs transportministres anbefalinger i Amsterdam-erklæringen fra april i år. Systemene som er omtalt i strategien,  vil i betydelig grad kunne forbedre trafikksikkerhet, trafikkeffektivitet og kjørekomfort, ved å hjelpe føreren med å treffe de rette beslutningene og tilpasse seg trafikksituasjonen. Trafikksikkerhet er fremhevet spesielt, ettersom menneskelig svikt er den vanligste årsaken til trafikkulykker.

Markedet for slike trafikksystemer er trolig verdt flere milliarder euro årlig, og vil kunne skape mange nye arbeidsplasser. Strategien møter flere av Kommisjonens politiske prioriteringer, som agendaen for arbeidsplasser, vekst og investering, det digitale indre markedet og energiunionen.

Strategien fokuserer på de tjenestene som kan utrulles på kort sikt, og som gir langsiktige positive bidrag til trafikksikkerhet, bærekraftighet og automatisering. Hovedelementene er:

1. Å unngå et fragmentert indre marked

2. Å definere og støtte felles prioriteringer

3. Å bruke en blanding av kommunikasjonsteknologier

4. Å løse informasjonssikkerhets- og databeskyttelsesutfordringer

5. Å utvikle det rette juridiske rammeverket

6. Å samarbeide på internasjonalt nivå

Det understrekes at strategien kun er et første steg på EU-siden og at arbeidet vil intensiveres i løpet av de kommende månedene. Et juridisk rammeverk på EU-nivå vil vedtas allerede i 2018, med sikte på å sikre forutsigbarhet for offentlige og private investorer, EU-finansiering for forsknings- og utviklingsprosjekter, samt internasjonalt samarbeid med andre verdensdeler.

Strategien er tilgjengelig her

Utdrag fra strategien:

A digital transport system requires thinking in horizontal layers, cutting across different transport modes and industries, rather than in vertical silos (such as transport, energy or telecommunication). The focus can no longer be on the infrastructure layer alone (for instance roads and vehicles). Digital technologies also build on a data layer which contains both static data such as digital maps or traffic regulations and dynamic data such as real-time traffic information. These data are then used to develop a layer of innovative services and applications, which are made available over a layer of networks. To make best use of digital technologies, market access and fair competition in each of these layers needs to be ensured, as recommended by the Commission Communication on online platforms.20

3. THE WAY TOWARDS C-ITS DEPLOYMENT IN 2019
Following the recommendations of the C-ITS Platform,21 the Commission has identified issues which should be tackled at EU level to ensure coordinated deployment of C-ITS services in 2019. The following chapters propose specific action to address each issue, including enabling conditions at European, Member State, public authority and industry level.

[...]

20 Online Platforms and the Digital Single Market Opportunities and Challenges for Europe, COM(2016) 288
21 According to the final report of the C-ITS Platform these are:
- a ‘Day 1’list of commonly agreed C-ITS services for deployment across the EU;
- a common vision to tackle cyber security detailed in an agreed Trust Model;
- an assessment of C-ITS benefits across Europe, based on a hybrid communication approach;
- guiding principles for access to in-vehicle data. Further legal and technical analyses and the development of scenarios based on the cost benefit assessment of the different possible technical solutions is needed. The results of a dedicated Commission study will be available mid of 2017;
- a detailed analysis of privacy and data protection, which constitutes a sound basis for further work on the implementation of the new requirements stemming from the new General Data Protection Regulation.

[...]

3.3. Privacy and data protection safeguards

The protection of personal data and privacy is a determining factor for the successful deployment of cooperative, connected and automated vehicles. Users must have the assurance that personal data are not a commodity, and know they can effectively control how and for what purposes their data are being used.

Data broadcast by C-ITS from vehicles will, in principle, qualify as personal data as it will relate to an identified or identifiable natural person. The implementation of C-ITS therefore requires compliance with the applicable data protection legal framework25. These rules lay down that processing of such data is only lawful if it is based on one of the grounds listed therein, such as the consent of users.

Data protection by design and by default principles and data protection impact assessments are of central importance in the basic C-ITS system layout and engineering, especially in the context of the applied communication security scheme. The responses to the public consultation indicate that when these conditions are met the willingness of end-users to give consent to broadcast data is not a barrier, in particular when the data is to be used to enhance road safety or improve traffic management.

Specific actions

• C-ITS service providers should offer transparent terms and conditions to end-users, using clear and plain language in an intelligible way and in easily accessible forms, enabling them to give their consent for the processing of their personal data.

• The Commission will publish first guidance regarding data protection by design and by default, specifically related to C-ITS, in 2018.

• The C-ITS deployment initiatives should:

o work on information campaigns to create the necessary trust among end-users and achieve public acceptance;

o demonstrate how using personal data can improve safety and efficiency of the transport system while ensuring compliance with data protection and privacy rules;

o consult with EU Data Protection Authorities to develop a sector based data protection impact assessment template to be used when introducing new C-ITS services.

[...]

25 Directive 95/46/EC applies until 24 May 2018. It has been repealed by Regulation (EU) 2016/679 - General Data Protection Regulation, applicable on 25 May 2018. Directive 2002/58/EC of 12 July 2002 concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector is currently under a REFIT exercise by the Commission.

Les også pressemeldingen

Se også saken på regjeringen.no.